Unsupervised Learning with Jacob Effron
00:48:35 · Erik Bernhardsson
[00:48:35] S1: No. I think some companies will have their own models. I I I think the... Like, weighted by dollar revenue, like, I I think most models will probably be post trained. Right? Like... But but, like, weighted by company, like, in terms of, like, numbers of companies, like, most companies will not have the the need to, like, post... Do their own post training. Right? But, like, the large ones, right, like, Cognition is training their own code models and and and and CursorDate and and and all these companies are. And, like, those the ones who also served a lot of tokens. So I I I think when you look at, like, reinforcement learning and post training, like, certain types of, you know, parts of it is very attractive. Right? Like, you can work with companies and and and serve, you know, better models and and do it at lower cost and and higher throughput and all of this stuff. Some of it looks like... It's kind of like just a service business. So I I think a lot of the sort of tension over the next few years when you look at post training is gonna be, can you turn this into product? Like, can you sell that product to these companies? This is something we think a lot about is, like, how do we create this, like, amazing product you can just kinda sell and and not turn it into just, a service business.
00:49:38 · Jacob Effron
[00:49:38] S0: And then I guess last one before we move to the quick fire round would just be like, I think there's this question about how many tools live under like a single infra provider in AI world versus our separate categories. I've always struck when we talk to you about like just how much you wanna go build and all these kind of building blocks. I'm wondering if there's categories of AI infra, you know, that you think will be unique and distinct from the stuff you're building that you're optimistic on and that will kind of, like, live as as still large standalone opportunities.
00:50:05 · Erik Bernhardsson
[00:50:05] S1: Yeah. I mean, we're not gonna go into model training, I think. Like, so I I think TypeSafe with Java is gonna be... You know, this can probably gonna be a lot of these, like, custom models. I'm sure in other verticals too, you know, other mode... Modalities, like audio and video and music and, like, obviously, the application side, there's gonna be a lot of incredible companies. And and then there's probably gonna be a lot of companies, like, focusing more on, like, software development and and and stuff like that. And and, you know, I... So I I don't know. Like, my general view on these things is, like, there's always, like, more boxes on the market map than you expect. But I also do think that overall, every company that is successful in the end to some extent has to become a multiproduct company too. So I I don't know if that's attention or not. Like, I I I think, you know, we obviously wanna find, like I said, a cluster of, like, very adjacent things and and do all of it in a way that, like, you know, maximizes the the the revenue and and the shareholder value. But I I... You know, by no means, you know, are we gonna try to expand into everything. I I think people kinda make this, like, false assumption also, like, you know, you look at, like, Anthropic or OpenAI, and they're like, why don't they move up to stock and launch their own law firm and launch their own... Whatever. Like, they're very good at, like, serving these models and doing that at scale. That's how they achieve scale. Right? Like... And they're very good at doing that. Like, I I I don't think it makes sense for every company to do everything. And so similar for us, like, we're not gonna do everything, but we're gonna do a very large cluster of adjacent things and do it exceptionally well. And I think there's gonna be a lot of room in the market to create, you know, a bunch of, you know, very large, you know, 100,000,000,000 or trillion dollar opportunities in the market.
00:51:40 · Jacob Effron, Erik Bernhardsson, Patrick Chase
[00:51:40] S0: We'll end on our quick fire round where we we stuff probably a similar set of questions what we asked you three years ago, maybe a little bit of an evolution. To start, maybe I'd love just one thing you've changed your mind on in AI in the last year. [00:51:52] S1: Well, the opportunity size of sandboxes has obviously been kind of crazy. Right? Like, I I didn't think it would be anywhere close to, you know, I mean I [00:51:59] S0: thought you knew that in '23, and that's why you made the made the big bet. [00:52:03] S1: Yeah. So so that's been kind of incredible. [00:52:06] S2: Coding agents have have changed a lot of what it means to be an engineer. How, if at all, has it changed how you think about hiring?
00:52:06 · Patrick Chase, Erik Bernhardsson, Jacob Effron
[00:52:06] S2: Coding agents have have changed a lot of what it means to be an engineer. How, if at all, has it changed how you think about hiring? [00:52:15] S1: Not much. I I think we're still gonna need humans for a long time. I I think the sort of demand for humans is just going up the more productive they get. I I think, you know, we've seen this for the last thirty, forty, fifty years of software engineering, you know, whether it's compilers or high level programming languages or CICD, like every time you make engineers more productive, like the demand just goes up. And so I think we're gonna need a lot of different... A lot more engineers. I do think maybe on the short term, it's gonna be, like, a little bit harder for, like, new grads, like, you know, except for that, the very high side of the spectrum. But in the long run, I... I'm very bullish on on still, you know, computer science. Actually, ironically, I didn't study computer science, but but I'm very bullish on studying computer science in general. Like, if my kids wanted to do it, like, I would definitely encourage them. [00:53:03] S0: What's the biggest mistake you've made in building mobile so far?
00:53:03 · Jacob Effron, Erik Bernhardsson, Patrick Chase
[00:53:03] S0: What's the biggest mistake you've made in building mobile so far? [00:53:06] S1: I don't know. I I think one mistake I made in the past is that I think sometimes, like, you kinda wanna sequentially do things. You're like, well, first, we need to do this. This is the blocker. We'll get to this other thing later because this other thing, you know, is blocked on this. But, like, in a world where, like, everything is moving fast, like, one of the things I've learned is, like, sometimes you kinda need to do both at the same time. Like, you need to assume that, like, oh, we're doing this thing to unblock it. You might as well do this other thing at the same time just in the interest of moving fast. That's something I I... I'm naturally, like, not mega aggressive, which is kind of ironic because, like, we've run 15 x in the last twelve months. So I I sort of had to retrain my brain to, like, be a little bit more, like, aggressive in saying, like, this is a massive market opportunity. We need to be even more, you know, deploy... Like, hiring, deploying capital, like, whatever it is. Like, massively just, like, paralyzing everything that we can. [00:53:56] S2: Sweden has a ton of interesting startups that have emerged. What are your thoughts on on why that is, and has the Swedish House Mafia been replaced by the Swedish Tech Mafia? [00:54:07] S1: Funny. Did you know that, like, one of the Swedish House Mafia members was my classmate? It's a fun JVF. Really? [00:54:13] S2: I did not know that.