00:09:38 · Jeff Guo, Erika Beras, Helene Landimore
[00:09:38] S3: And over the past decade, Alen has been wondering, why can't we have more random citizens in politics today? Right now, the people who become politicians, they tend to fit a certain type. You know, around the world, they tend to be men. They tend to have college degrees. A lot of times, degrees from the same fancy colleges. [00:09:58] S2: They even tend to share some of these same personality traits. [00:10:02] S4: There's an overrepresentation of people who have certain psychological traits like extreme confidence, attraction to power, corruptibility. [00:10:12] S2: The kind of people who wanna be in front of people are the kind of people that will seek out politics. [00:10:17] S4: Yes. Exactly. [00:10:18] S2: Helene is like, how can you help the people if you aren't of the people? Which is why she's been studying citizen assemblies where randomly selected citizens try to help create new laws. [00:10:30] S3: For instance, in The Netherlands, a group of about a 140 citizens was asked to try to reform how the country does elections. In Ireland, a citizen assembly recommended making major changes to the constitution, including legalizing same sex marriage. And in France, the citizens came up with proposals about how to curb climate change. Alain sat in on that one as an observer. [00:10:50] S2: And last year, Alain was asked to help bring this experimental form of democracy to Connecticut. The Connecticut Citizens Assembly will be one of the biggest of its kind ever attempted in The United States.
00:10:50 · Erika Beras, Jeff Guo, Helene Landimore
[00:10:50] S2: And last year, Alain was asked to help bring this experimental form of democracy to Connecticut. The Connecticut Citizens Assembly will be one of the biggest of its kind ever attempted in The United States. [00:11:03] S3: I can't help but imagine some people looking at this and saying, well, property taxes are very complicated. Do we really want a 100 randos Yes. To to make these, like, very complicated policy decisions that, you know, people go to school for this? [00:11:18] S4: I I know. I know because our our intuitions are individualistic. It's very hard to understand the the concept of collective intelligence and and... Until you've actually seen it in action. [00:11:27] S3: Earlier this year, the state of Connecticut got to see a citizens' assembly in action. Ellen and the organizers sent out over 200,000 invitation letters to random Connecticut residents. About 1,500 people responded that they did want to participate in a citizens' assembly. [00:11:45] S2: From there, the organizers had to pick a 100 of these volunteers to serve on the assembly. To make sure the assembly had the right balance of people, the organizers got a computer to randomly generate potential configurations of the assembly. [00:11:59] S3: They wanted a good mix of homeowners and renters, people with school age children, people without, and people representing different parts of the state.
00:11:59 · Jeff Guo, Erika Beras, Sean Scanlon, Stacy MacGyver
[00:11:59] S3: They wanted a good mix of homeowners and renters, people with school age children, people without, and people representing different parts of the state. [00:12:08] S2: The computer generated thousands of potential configurations. To make the final selection, the organizers held the lottery in June of this year, a literal lottery that they recorded. The organizers gathered at the headquarters of the Connecticut lottery. [00:12:24] S9: Please proceed. [00:12:25] S3: They fired up the same machine that they use for the Powerball drawings, used these same little yellow balls, and that is how they picked the 100 people who would serve in this assembly. [00:12:37] S10: Number is 29. 29. [00:12:43] S2: The challenge before the 100 lottery winners over the next few months, they'll meet over four weekends and have a couple all day Zoom sessions and hopefully come up with a solution to Connecticut's tax problem. And for all their troubles, they'll each get $1,200. [00:12:59] S3: Exactly one month later, in July of this year, the chosen citizens met for the first time in a lecture hall in New Haven. [00:13:07] S10: I'm a single mom of two, and our property taxes are very expensive. [00:13:12] S9: I was renting. I got laid off and then got another job, so I moved back in with my parents about three months ago. [00:13:20] S2: Those are citizens Stacy MacGyver and Riley Jano. Stacy is an occupational therapist who loves to talk to people. Riley is a lifelong Connecticut resident. Jasmine Dawson, on the other hand, she recently moved to the state.
00:13:20 · Erika Beras, Jasmine Dawson, Bob Bailey, Jeff Guo, S0, Riley Jano, Stacy MacGyver
[00:13:20] S2: Those are citizens Stacy MacGyver and Riley Jano. Stacy is an occupational therapist who loves to talk to people. Riley is a lifelong Connecticut resident. Jasmine Dawson, on the other hand, she recently moved to the state. [00:13:33] S5: I originally come from New York, Brooklyn. I've been here since 2021. [00:13:37] S2: Bob Bailey works in insurance. He calls himself a humble middle manager. [00:13:41] S6: Father of of six, married to one. [00:13:45] S3: Bob is excited to be here. [00:13:47] S6: I think we can make a difference [00:13:48] S0: for the people of Connecticut. [00:13:50] S3: Their first challenge before they even got started talking about property taxes was to figure out how this whole thing was even gonna work. The citizens had the power to come up with their own rules about things like who would speak when, how would they vote, what would quorum be, what would their values be. [00:14:08] S2: And the discussion just on these rules got heated. [00:14:12] S11: It was... A lot of thoughts kept getting interrupted, so it was hard to get a full idea. [00:14:16] S10: It was like nitpicky comments. [00:14:18] S11: It kind of devolved into us just yelling to the loudest voice. [00:14:22] S5: It was very traumatic for me. That made me realize, like, oh, this is not gonna be as easy as I thought.
00:14:22 · Jasmine Dawson, Jeff Guo, Erika Beras
[00:14:22] S5: It was very traumatic for me. That made me realize, like, oh, this is not gonna be as easy as I thought. [00:14:30] S3: Eventually, the citizens decided that in this assembly, they wanted the quieter, more shy people to participate. So they opted to follow basic kindergarten rules. You know, if you wanted to speak, you gotta raise your hand and you wait for your turn to speak. [00:14:46] S2: Once they reached a consensus on the rules, they moved on to the next order of business, learning about taxes. The organizers invited professors and government officials to hold sessions. It was like school, a new topic every hour or so led by a different expert. They sat through presentations, they got handouts, The citizens broke into small groups to discuss options and later reported back to the bigger group. [00:15:10] S3: They learned that state and local governments have a few different ways to raise money. States can have a sales tax, an income tax, various business taxes, while local governments rely mostly on property taxes. [00:15:23] S2: In Connecticut, people pay property taxes on their homes, but also on other property, like their cars. Jasmine remembered finding that kind of shocking when she moved to the state five years ago. [00:15:36] S5: That's kinda weird to me that no matter how old your car is, like, it could be a a hooptie or a beater, and you still have to pay a tax on it, which is Wow. Unfortunate. But, yeah, you just get taxed for everything here.
00:15:36 · Jasmine Dawson, Jeff Guo, Erika Beras, Bob Bailey, Helene Landimore
[00:15:36] S5: That's kinda weird to me that no matter how old your car is, like, it could be a a hooptie or a beater, and you still have to pay a tax on it, which is Wow. Unfortunate. But, yeah, you just get taxed for everything here. [00:15:52] S3: Connecticut has some of the highest taxes in the country. In particular, people pay more in the form of local property taxes. Other states do it differently. They raise more money through statewide taxes, like sales taxes or income taxes, and redistribute more of that money to towns and cities. [00:16:09] S2: Connecticut, though, not so much, which is why towns and cities, in order to pay for things like schools and services, rely so much on property taxes. [00:16:19] S3: Bob, the father of six, married to one, says he got really into learning about the various intricacies of tax policy. [00:16:27] S2: How much did you know about property taxes before you started? [00:16:31] S6: Very little. Very little. You know, now we've become tax policy nerds. [00:16:36] S4: Yes. Policy nerds. [00:16:38] S6: Well, you know, now you find yourself hunting for, for articles that are relevant. [00:16:45] S3: The citizens also learned how Connecticut is very fragmented. There are a 169 independent towns and cities in Connecticut, and nearly all of them have their own school districts. That's one reason public schools in Connecticut are some of the most expensive in the country. Each little school district is operating its own food and lunch program, its own bus network, its own special ed program.